Wavefront shaping is a powerful technique that can be used to focus lightthrough scattering media, which can be important for imaging through scatteringsamples such as tissue. The method is based on the assumption that the field atthe output of the medium is a linear superposition of the modes travelingthrough different paths in the medium. However, when the scattering medium alsoexhibits nonlinearity, as may occur in multiphoton microscopy, this assumptionis violated and the applicability of wavefront shaping becomes unclear. Here weshow, using a simple model system with a scattering layer followed by anonlinear layer, that with adaptive optimization of the wavefront light canstill be controlled and focused through a scattering medium in the presence ofnonlinearity. Notably, we find that moderate positive nonlinearity can serve tosignificantly increase the focused fraction of power, whereas negativenonlinearity reduces it.
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